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本书主要介绍天然气工程中*常用知识,主要内容包括:(1)流体性质;(2)气藏物质平衡;(3)气井产能及产能设计;(4)产量递减分析;(5)管流和气嘴;(6)生产系统分析;(6)井场集输系统;(7)天然气的净化。这些内容基本上覆盖了天然气工程所用内容,是天然气工程的基础理论与实践课程。
Contents
Chapterl Introduction 1
1.1 A Brief History of Natural Gas Exploitation 1
1.2 Prospects of Natural Gas Development 5
1.2.2 Construction of natural gas pipeline system-foundation for gas market development 7
1.2.3 A series of auxiliary technology for natural gas exploitation 9
1.3 Characteristics of the Course and Tips for Learning 10
References 11
Chapter 2 Properties of Natural Gases 13
2.1 Fundamental Concepts and Principles 13
2.1.1 Definitions of natural gas 13
2.1.2 Composition of natural gas 13
2.1.3 Ideal-gaslaw 14
2.1.4 Behavior of real gases 16
2.1.5 Principle of corresponding states 16
2.2 Apparent Molecular Weight and Specific Gravity of a Gas Mixture 17
2.2.1 Apparent molecular weight of a gas mixture 17
2.2.2 Density of natural gas 18
2.2.3 Relative density of naturalgas 18
2.3 Calculation of Pseudo-critical Gas Properties 20
2.3.1 Calculation of the pseudo-critical properties with mixing rules 20
2.3.2 Calculation of the pseudo-critical properties with Sutton's correlations 27
2.3.3 Correcting pseudo-critical properties for H2S and C02 contamination 31
2.3.4 Calculation of specific gravity of reservoir gas 34
2.4 Calculation of Z Factor 35
2.4.1 Definition of Z Factor 35
2.4.2 Determination Z factor from standing-Katz nomograph 35
2.4.3 Correlations for Z factor 37
2.5 Gas Formation Volume Factor 39
2.6 Gas Viscosity 40
2.6.1 Definition of gas viscosity 40
2.6.2 Calculation of gas viscosity 41
2.7 Water Dew Point and Hydrocarbon Dew Point of Gas 45
2.7.1 Saturated water content in gas 45
2.7.2 Water dew point of gas 48
2.7.3 Hydrocrbon dew point of gas 48
2.8 Isothermal Compressibility Coefficient of Gas 48
2.8.1 Definition of isothermal compressibility coefficient 48
2.8.2 Calculation of isothermal compressibility coefficient 49
2.9 Properties of Formation Water 53
2.9.1 Water FVF 53
2.9.2 Solution gas/water ratio 54
2.9.3 Compressibility of water 56
2.10 PV Compressibility Correlations 58
References 59
Chapter 3 Gas Reservoir Material Balance,Reserve Calculation and Recovery 61
3.1 Volumetric Method 61
3.1.1 Volumetric dry gas reservoir 62
3.1.2 Dry gas reservoirs with water influx 64
3.1.3 Wet gas and gas-condensate reservoirs 67
3.2 MaterialBalance Method 71
3.2.1 Volumetric dry gas reservoirs material balance 72
3.2.2 Dry gas reservoirs with water influx 74
3.2 3 Volumetric geopressured gas reservoir 96
3.2.4 Volumetric gas-condensate reservoirs 104
3.3 Gas Reservoir Recovery 110
3.3.1 Analogy 112
3.3.2 Calculation 115
References 129
Chapter 4 Analysis and Design of Gas Well Deliverability 131
4.1 Gas Deliverability Equation Under Steady-state Flow Condition 131
4.1.1 Darcy's law under steady-state flow condition 131
4.1.2 Non-Darrcy's production equation 136
4.2 Gas Well Deliverability Equation of Pseudosteady State Flow 139
4.3 Empirical Deliverability Test Technique 147
4.4 Gas Well Deliverability Test Technique 147
4.4.1 Well test design 148
4.4.2 Well test method 151
4.5 Influence of Different Completion Methods for Inflow Performance 156
4.5.1 0pen hole completion 157
4.5.2 Perforated completion 159
4.5.3 Gravel packer completion 164
4.6 Design and Implementation of Gas-well Deliverability Tests 171
4.6.1 Well test purposes 171
4.6.2 General test design considerations 173
4.6.3 Pretest estimates of reservoir properties 177
4.6.4 Stabiliztion time 182
4 6.5 Estimation of deliverability test duration 183
4.6.6 Flow-rate requirements 184
4.6.7 General deliverability test design procedures 188
Exercise 192
References 192
Chapter 5 Decline Curve Analysis for Gas Wells 194
5.1 Arps Production Decline Analysis 194
5.1.1 Decline velocity,decline rate and decline law 194
5.1.2 Exponentialdecline 197
5.1.3 Harmonic decline 198
5.1.4 Hyerbolic decline 199
5.2 Modern Production Decline Analysis 206
References 239
Chapter 6 Calculation of Pipe Flow and Choke Flow 240
6.1 Systems,Heat,Work,and Energy 240
6.1.1 System 241
6.1.2 Heat 242
6.1.3 Work 242
6.1.4 Energy 243
6.2 First Law of Thermodynamics 244
6.2.1 Closed system 245
6.2.2 0pen system 246
6.3 Energy Conservation Equation 248
6.4 Friction Calculation 250
6.4.1 Darcy resistance Formula 250
6.4.2 Friction factor 250
6.5 Bernoulli's Equation 253
6.6 Bottom Hole Pressure Calculations of Lean Gas Wells 253
6.6.1 Calculation of static bottom hole pressure 254
6.6.2 Flowing bottom hole pressure 263
6.6.3 Horizontal gas pipe pressure drop 268
6.6.4 Condensate gas modification 268
6.7 Modification of the Flowing Bottom Hole Pressure with Liquid Phase 269
6.7.1 Characteristic parameters of two-phase flow in pipes 270
6.7.3 Basic equation and solving steps 276
6.7.4 Hagedorn-Brown method of calculation on two-p 2100433B
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英文版外贸合同(中英文对照版)
外贸合同 Contract( sales confirmation) 合同编号(Contract No.): _______________ 签订日期(Date) :___________ 签订地点(Signed at) :___________ 买方:__________________________ The Buyer:________________________ 地址:__________________________ Address: _________________________ 电话(Tel):___________传真(Fax):__________ 电子邮箱(E-mail):______________________ 卖方:________________
该学科主要包含以下几个方面。
主要包括油气井管柱力学与控制,油气井流体力学,油气井岩石力学,油田化学四大研究方向。
油气藏描述及开发地质建模的理论与方法,渗流理论和油气藏数值模拟,油气田开发理论与方法,采油采气工程理论与技术,提高采收率理论与技术,采油采气化学工程与理论。
油气长距离管输技术,多相管流及油气田集输和油气处理技术,油气储运及营销系统优化,油气管道和储罐的强度研究,油气储运设施施工及安全、防腐技术。
杨光、王登海主编的《天然气工程概论》全面概要地介绍了天然气工程各领域的产业政策、基础知识、核心技术和典型工程实例。本书可以作为从事天然气产业的工程技术和工程管理人员了解天然气产业全貌,拓宽工作视野,提升技术水平的参考书,也可作为高等院校相关专业的选修教材,还可作为非专业人员了解天然气相关知识的读物。
该刊是中国电力行业唯一的英文版综合性技术刊物,宣传中国电力工业的发展成就,为中国电力行“走出去,引进来”搭桥铺路。