本书力求体现发动机机械故障诊断课程理实一体化、工作任务化的教学理念，以发动机常见的机械故障为载体，对发动机机械构造的基本结构、工作原理和常见的发动机机械故障的诊断及检修方法进行系统的讲解。本书讲解的发动机机械故障诊断包括发动机润滑系统异常故障诊断、发动机温度异常故障诊断、发动机异响故障诊断、发动机排气异常故障诊断、发动机运行异常综合性故障诊断，这些系统具有典型性，易于实施教学。

本书可作为职业院校汽车类专业学生的教材，同时也可作为汽车维修技术人员的参考书及培训教材。

出版社：清华大学出版社

作者：陈立旦、郑尧军、熊江勇

ISBN：9787302320876

定价：22元

印刷日期：2013-4-27

项目1 发动机结构与典型机械故障症状 ······························1

1.1 发动机结构认识 ····························2

1.1.1 发动机的分类和基本构造 ·········· 2

1.1.2 发动机各系统结构介绍 ·············· 4

1.1.3 发动机构造认识实训 ················31

1.2 汽车发动机典型机械故障症状认识 ·············································33

1.3 发动机机械故障原因 ··················35

项目2 发动机机械故障诊断 ···········39

2.1 发动机机械故障诊断方法和参数 ·············································40

2.1.1 发动机机械故障的诊断方法 ····40

2.1.2 发动机机械故障的诊断参数 ····42

2.2 发动机机械故障诊断分析 ···········45

2.2.1 压力分析 ····································45

2.2.2 真空分析 ····································49

2.2.3 温度分析 ····································55

2.2.4 振动异响分析 ····························57

项目3 发动机机械故障诊断常用工具、仪器 ···································62

3.1 常用工具、设备 ··························63

3.1.1 常用扳手 ····································63

3.1.2 活塞环拆装钳 ····························65

3.1.3 滑脂枪

3.1.4 千斤顶 ······································

3.1.5 汽车举升器 ································67

3.1.6 起重吊车 ····································68

3.2 发动机故障诊断设备 ··················68

3.2.1 诊断仪 ········································69

3.2.2 压缩压力测试仪 ························70

3.2.3 汽缸漏气量检测仪 ····················71

3.2.4 真空表 ········································71

3.2.5 真空泵 ········································72

3.2.6 真空泄漏检测仪 ························72

3.2.7 冷却系统压力检测仪和冷却液防冻剂比例计 ····························73

3.2.8 机油压力表 ································74

3.2.9 传动带张力计 ····························74

3.2.10 燃油压力表 ······························74

3.2.11 喷油器电路检测灯 ··················75

3.2.12 排气分析仪 ······························75

3.2.13 发动机分析仪 ··························76

3.3 发动机测量工具 ··························77

3.3.1 塞尺 ············································78

3.3.2 游标卡尺 ····································79

3.3.3 千分尺(螺旋测微器)··················79

3.3.4 分度表(量缸表)··························82

3.3.5 扭力扳手 ····································83

项目4 发动机润滑系统异常故障诊断 ····································85

4.1 机油压力过低故障诊断 ···············86

4.1.1 发动机润滑系统机油压力过低故障分析 ····································87

4.1.2 发动机润滑系统机油压力过低故障诊断与检修实训 ················90

4.2 机油压力过高故障诊断 ···············93

4.2.1 发动机润滑系统机油压力过高故障分析 ····································94

4.2.2 发动机润滑系统机油压力过高故障诊断与检修实训 ················96

4.3 机油消耗过大故障诊断 ···············98

4.3.1 发动机润滑系统机油消耗过大故障分析 ··································100

4.3.2 发动机润滑系统机油消耗过大故障诊断与检修实训 ··············105

4.4 机油变质故障诊断 ····················108

4.4.1 发动机润滑系统机油变质故障分析 ··································109

4.4.2 发动机润滑系统机油变质故障诊断与检修实训 ······················111

项目5 发动机温度异常故障诊断 ··· 114

5.1 水温过高故障诊断 ····················115

5.1.1 发动机水温过高故障分析 ······116

5.1.2 发动机水温过高故障诊断与检修实训 ··································119

5.2 水温过低故障诊断 ····················122

5.2.1 发动机水温过低故障分析 ······124

5.2.2 发动机水温过低故障诊断与检修实训 ··································125

5.3 冷却液消耗过快故障诊断 ·········127

5.3.1 发动机冷却液消耗过快故障分析 ··································129

5.3.2 发动机冷却液消耗过快故障诊断与检修实训 ······························131

项目6 发动机异响故障诊断 ··········134

6.1 发动机异响故障诊断基础 ········135

6.1.1 发动机常见异响的类型与形成机理 ·········································135

6.1.2 发动机常见异响的影响因素与诊断方法 ··································136

6.1.3 异响的区分 ······························139

6.2 发动机曲柄连杆机构异响诊断 ···140

6.2.1 发动机曲柄连杆机构异响故障分析 ··········································142

6.2.2 发动机连杆轴承异响故障诊断与检修实训 ··································146

6.3 发动机配气机构异响诊断 ·········148

6.3.1 发动机配气机构异响故障分析 ··········································150

6.3.2 发动机液压挺杆异响故障诊断与检修实训 ··································153

项目7 发动机排气异常故障诊断 ···156

7.1 发动机排烟异常故障诊断 ········157

7.1.1 发动机排白烟异常故障分析 ···158

7.1.2 发动机排黑烟异常故障分析 ···160

7.1.3 发动机排蓝烟异常故障分析 ···161

7.1.4 发动机排烟异常(冒蓝烟)故障诊断与检修实训 ······················162

7.2 发动机排放超标故障诊断 ·········165

7.2.1 发动机排放超标的含义及发动机排放检测 ··································167

7.2.2 发动机尾气排放不合格诊断 ···169

7.2.3 发动机排放超标故障诊断与检修实训 ···········································171

项目8 发动机运行异常综合性故障诊断 ··································176

8.1 无法启动机械故障诊断 ·············177

8.1.1 发动机不能启动机械综合故障分析 ··········································178

8.1.2 发动机不能启动机械综合故障诊断与检修实训 ······················183

8.2 怠速不稳机械故障诊断 ·············186

8.2.1 发动机怠速不稳机械综合故障分析 ··········································188

8.2.2 发动机怠速不稳机械综合故障诊断与检修实训 ······················195

8.3 动力不足机械故障诊断 ·············197

8.3.1 发动机动力不足机械综合故障分析 ··········································199

8.3.2 发动机动力不足机械综合故障诊断与检修实训 ······················203

参考文献 ·······································207

前言

第1章 概论

1.1 工程机械检测与故障诊断技术概述

1.2 工程机械检测与故障诊断技术基本概念及参数

复习与思考题

第2章 工程机械发动机故障检测与分析

2.1 发动机故障检测与诊断方法

2.2 发动机故障参数值的检测

2.3 发动机异响故障的检测与诊断

2.4 发动机润滑系统检测与故障诊断

2.5 发动机冷却系统检测与故障诊断

2.6 发动机燃料系统检测与故障诊断

2.7 柴油机综合故障的诊断

2.8 电控柴油机故障检测与诊断

复习与思考题

第3章 推土机故障检测与诊断

3.1 概述

3.2 推土机各系统常见故障检测与诊断

3.3 推土机故障检测与诊断实例分析

复习与思考题

第4章 装载机故障检测与诊断

4.1 概述

4.2 装载机各系统常见故障检测与诊断

4.3 装载机故障检测与诊断实例分析

复习与思考题

第5章 挖掘机故障检测与诊断

5.1 概述

5.2 挖掘机各系统常见故障检测与诊断

5.3 挖掘机故障诊断与检测实例分析

复习与思考题

第6章 铲运机故障检测与诊断

6.1 概述

6.2 铲运机各系统常见故障检测与诊断

6.3 铲运机故障检测与诊断实例分析

复习与思考题

第7章 汽车式起重机故障检测与诊断

7.1 概述

7.2 汽车式起重机工作机构常见故障检测与诊断

7.3 汽车式起重机故障检测与诊断实例分析

复习与思考题

第8章 平地机故障检测与诊断

8.1 概述

8.2 平地机各系统常见故障检测与诊断

8.3 平地机故障检测与诊断实例分析

复习与思考题

第9章 工程机械电气设备故障检测与诊断

9.1 工程机械电气设备故障检测与诊断的基本步骤与方法

9.2 蓄电池的故障检测与诊断

9.3 交流发电机及调节器故障检测与诊断

9.4 起动系统故障检测与诊断

复习与思考题

参考文献

《工程机械状态检测与故障诊断》为面向21世纪交通版高等学校教材，全书系统地介绍了一般机械设备的故障检测方法及故障诊断的基本原理、技术及其应用，重点介绍了现代工程机械发动机与底盘、液压系统、电液控制系统的状态检测与故障诊断技术。

《工程机械状态检测与故障诊断》注重理论联系实际，可作为高等院校相关专业研究生、本科生教材，也适用于工程机械行业的科研与生产单位的工程技术人员参考。

《汽油发动机管理系统故障诊断与修复》为教育部、财政部职业院校教师素质提高计划成果系列丛书。全书包括六个学习情境，分别为传感器故障检修、燃油控制系统故障检修、点火控制系统故障检修、进气不良故障检修、排放超标故障检修、发动机综合故障检修。

《汽油发动机管理系统故障诊断与修复》适合于开设汽车维修类专业的本科和职业院校使用，建议采用理实一体化的教学方式开展教学，也适用于各类培训机构使用。