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洋葱式圆顶现代观点

2018/06/19120 作者:佚名
导读: In 1946, the historian BorisRybakov, while analysing miniatures of ancient Russianchronicles, pointed out that most of them, from the thirteenth century onward,display churches with onion domes rat

In 1946, the historian BorisRybakov, while analysing miniatures of ancient Russianchronicles, pointed out that most of them, from the thirteenth century onward,display churches with onion domes rather than helmet domes.Nikolay Voronin, the foremostauthority on pre-Mongol Russian architecture, seconded his opinion that oniondomes existed in Russiaas early as the thirteenth century, although they presumably could not bewidespread.These findings demonstrated that Russian onion domes could not be imported from the Orient, where onion domes did not replace spherical domes until thefifteenth century.

1946年,历史学家鲍里斯·雷巴科夫,在分析古老的俄罗斯编年史里的袖珍画的时候,指出了从13世纪起,大部分教堂拥有洋葱式圆顶,而不是头盔的圆顶。尼古拉·沃罗宁是前蒙古俄罗斯建筑的权威学者,他认为,早在13世纪,洋葱式圆顶已在俄罗斯存在了,尽管它们大概并不普遍存在。这些调查结果表明,直到十五世纪,俄罗斯的洋葱式圆顶才取代球形穹顶,在此之前是无法引进来自东方的洋葱式圆顶。

SergeyZagraevsky, a modern art historian, surveyed hundreds of Russian icons and miniatures,from the eleventh century onward., He concluded that most icons painted after the Mongol invasion of Rusdisplay only onion domes.First onion domes displayed on some pictures oftwelfth century (two miniatures from Dobrylov Evangelie). He found only one icon from the late fifteenth century displaying a domeresembling the helmet instead of an onion.

谢尔盖Zagraevsky,是一个现代艺术史学家,他研究了从11世纪起的数百个俄罗斯圣像和微型画。他总结说,大多数在蒙古人入侵俄罗斯后绘制的圣像画,只绘制洋葱式圆顶。首例的洋葱圆顶在第十二世纪(两张来自Dobrylov Evangelie的微型画像)的一些绘画中有所显示。他发现十五世纪后期只有一幅圣像画上显示了一个类似头盔的圆顶,而不是洋葱圆顶。

Zagraevsky explains theubiquitous appearance of onion domes in the late thirteenth century by thegeneral emphasis on verticality characteristic of Russian architecture from thelate twelfth to early fifteenth centuries,At that period, porches,pilasters, vaults and drums were arranged to create a vertical thrust, to makethe church seem taller than it was.It seems logical that elongated, or onion, domeswere part of the same proto-Gothic trend aimed at achieving pyramidal, verticalemphasis

Zagraevsky解释,在13世纪后期无处不在洋葱式圆顶,垂直俄罗斯建筑的特点,从后期第十二至十五世纪初普遍重视. 在此期间,门廊,壁柱,拱顶和鼓被安排创建一个垂直推力,使教会似乎比它高。似乎合乎逻辑的拉长,或洋葱,圆顶的一部分相同的原哥特式趋势,旨在实现锥体,垂直强调。.

*文章为作者独立观点,不代表造价通立场,除来源是“造价通”外。
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